Levy Economics Institute of Bard College
November 18, 2020
Institute News
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Senior Scholars Jan Kregel and L. Randall Wray Present at the Central Bank of Argentina’s 2020 Money and Banking Conference

Aiming to foster debate about challenges facing central banks in a new global context marked by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Central Bank of Argentina is presenting a series of online lectures every Wednesday in November for its 2020 Money and Banking Conference: Challenges, Goals and Instruments of Central Banks in a New Global Context.

During the first week, focused on “The role of monetary policy in the post-pandemic era, from theory to practice,” Senior Scholar Jan Kregel offered remarks addressing “Financial Stability and Economic Inequality.”

Today, the in the panel on “Macroeconomic policies in the COVID-19 era,” Senior Scholar L. Randall Wray will answer the question: “What Has the Pandemic Taught Us About Monetary and Fiscal Policy?”
 
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Research Scholar Luiza Nassif-Pires Contributes to New Book on Post-Pandemic Economics in Brazil

“Austerity, Pandemics and Gender” is the focus of a chapter in the new book, Economia pós-pandemia: desmontando os mitos da austeridade fiscal e construindo um novo paradigma econômico no Brasil [Post-pandemic economics: debunking the myths of austerity and building a new economic paradigm in Brazil], edited by Esther Dweck, Pedro Rossi, and Ana Luíza Matos de Oliveira (Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Brasil, 2020). Written by Research Scholar Luiza Nassif-Pires with Ana Luíza Matos de Oliveira, Luana Passos, Ana Paula Guidolin, and Arthur Welle, the chapter demonstrates how austerity policies have increased gender inequalities and made Brazilian women more vulnerable during the pandemic. Other contributions address structural reforms, the 2021 budget, the increase in public debt, and the need for more robust social programs.

Join the authors for a virtual book launch tomorrow, November 19, at 6:30 (Eastern Time), during which you’ll be able to download a free copy. Or you can buy a copy here.
New Publications
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Working Paper No. 978, November 2020
Potential Impact of Daycare Closures on Parental Child Caregiving in Turkey
Emel Memiş and Ebru Kongar

Research Associates Emel Memiş and Ebru Kongar estimate the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on nonparental childcare arrangements in Turkey and its implications for the caregiving time of married parents of preschool-age children. Comparing variations by gender and use of nonparental childcare arrangements, they find that pandemic-induced constraints have widened the already-present gender gap in parental caregiving time.

Read complete text (pdf)
 
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Working Paper No. 977, November 2020
A Note Concerning Government Bond Yields
Tanweer Akram

Tanweer Akram outlines John Maynard Keynes’s discussions of money, the state theory of money, financial markets, investors’ expectations, uncertainty, and liquidity preference to the dynamics of government bond yields for countries with monetary sovereignty, arguing that Keynesian insight into the central bank’s influence over the long-term interest rate and yield curve through the short-term interest rate, as validated by several recent empirical studies, is relevant for macroeconomic theory and policymaking.

Read complete text (pdf)
 
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Working Paper No. 976, November 2020
The Palestinian Labor Market over the Last Three Decades
Sameh Hallaq

Research Scholar Sameh Hallaq presents three economic literature review essays surveying the Palestinian labor market from the 1980s through the present day. The first essay examines the economic return to schooling since 1981 until the recent period; the second discusses the economic costs of several conflict measures on the labor market and human capital; and the third sheds light on the wage differential in the Palestinian labor market due to geographical and employment sector factors.

Read complete text (pdf)
 
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Working Paper No. 975, November 2020
Argentina’s (Macroeconomic?) Trap: Some Insights from an Empirical Stock-Flow Consistent Model
Sebastian Valdecantos


Sebastian Valdecantos addresses to what extent Argentina’s economic performance—where per capita GDP has been decreasing since 2011—would have been better had other policy combinations been implemented. Using an empirical quarterly stock-flow consistent (SFC) model for 2007–19, Valdecantos counterfactually tests the policy recommendations of the two divergent macroeconomic programs implemented during the period to demonstrate how his approach can be useful for studying different policy combinations that, given a specific context, can bring about more sustainable dynamics for the Argentinean economy.

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Levy Graduate Programs in Economic Theory and Policy Now Accepting Students for Fall 2021
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Backed by over 30 years of proven policy impact, the Levy Institute Graduate Programs in Economic Theory and Policy provide innovative approaches to topics such as time use, poverty, gender, student debt, and employment that other programs neglect, encouraging students to evaluate policies, examine behavior, and dig deeper into the social phenomena that underlie economic outcomes. Working alongside professors who are actively engaged in tackling today's most pressing economic problems, the Levy's graduate programs allow you to apply what you learn in the classroom to real-world research while giving you unprecedented access to leaders in government, NGOs, central banking, academia, and journalism. Along with a challenging academic environment, the Levy programs also offer a supporting and caring community where students make lifetime connections. To find out more, visit bard.edu/levygrad or follow the program's Facebook page.

Applications for fall 2021 are now open. Interested students should contact the program recruiter, Martha Tepepa ([email protected]), to discuss their options. Scholarships are available.
Media and Web Coverage

Following up on his 2019 Congressional testimony, given in part as a response to the March 2019 Republican resolution to denounce Modern Money Theory (MMT), Senior Scholar L. Randall Wray joins Jeff Epstein on the Activist #MMT podcast to trace MMT’s history since the mid-1990s.

In the face of the pandemic’s second wave in Europe, Research Scholar Gennaro Zezza says it is essential for Italy to adopt a more sustainable and equitable strategy than the one implemented in the first-wave lockdown. Following recommendations outlined by Senior Scholar Jan Kregel in Policy Note 2020/6, the November 2 article for MicroMega suggests a suspension of payments (both rents and wages) coupled with an emergency variant of the universal basic income to reduce the unequal impact should a second lockdown become necessary.

A coauthored op-ed by Research Associate Lekha Chakraborty for Financial Express emphasizes the importance of gender budgeting, or the use of fiscal policy to promote gender equality by trying to translate gender commitments into fiscal commitments, to ensure Indian states have sufficient financial resources for carrying out their expenditure assignments.

In an interview with Sarah Leonard for subtext’s “Ask the Expert,” Research Associate Pavlina Tcherneva dispels common myths about the national debt. In a video for the Forum for a New Economy’s “Innovation Lab,” she talks about the job guarantee and why we don’t need to accept unemployment as a given when the government can provide public jobs at a living wage and with decent working conditions.

Lara Merling (’16) joined J. W. Mason and Heather Boushey on the November 16th episode of NPR’s Marketplace to discuss why austerity matters. Merling, currently an economist with the International Trade Union Confederation studying the impact of austerity policies, says policies that cut spending since 2010 have played a part in the long, slow recovery and widening income inequality evident today.

Alex Williams (’20), research analyst at Employ America, was featured Bloomberg's “What'd You Miss?” on October 26. In the episode, titled “The Shock and The Slog: Two Independent Recessions Born from the Pandemic,” Williams suggests a stimulus response that is strong enough to generate a self-sustaining recovery once the virus’s threat has passed.

In a November 17th post for the “Take on Wall Street” blog, Madeleine Johnsson (’20) notes that for private equity firms—who are “responsible for 1.3 million job losses” while increasing “their net worth a total of $13 billion during the pandemic alone”—“getting rich countercyclically by preying on vulnerable companies is a feature, not a bug.”
 
         
In This Issue
Institute News: Senior Scholars Present at Central Bank of Argentina's Money and Banking Conference
Institute News: Research Scholar Luiza Nassif-Pires Authors Chapter in New Book
Potential Impact of Daycare Closures on Parental Child Caregiving in Turkey
A Note Concerning Government Bond Yields
The Palestinian Labor Market over the Last Three Decades
Argentina’s (Macroeconomic?) Trap
Levy Graduate Programs
Web and Media Coverage
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Multiplier Effect
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